# Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) - HL7 Europe Base and Core FHIR IG v2.0.0

* [**Table of Contents**](toc.md)
* [**Artifacts Summary**](artifacts.md)
* **Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)**

## Resource Profile: Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core) 

| | | |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| *Official URL*:http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core | *Version*:2.0.0 | |
| * Standards status: *[Trial-use](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/versions.html#std-process) | [Maturity Level](http://hl7.org/fhir/versions.html#maturity): 2 | *Computable Name*:MedicalTestResultEuCore |
| **Copyright/Legal**: Copyright HL7 Europe. Licensed under creative commons public domain (CC0 1.0). | | |

 
This profile introduces essential constraints and extensions for the Observation resource for Medical Test Results that apply across multiple use cases. 

### Relationship to Laboratory Test Results

Laboratory test results are a specialization of medical test results. This profile serves as the common base for all medical test observations. For laboratory-specific contexts, the [Observation Results: laboratory](https://hl7.eu/fhir/laboratory/StructureDefinition-Observation-resultslab-eu-lab.html) — which derives from this profile — SHOULD be used instead, as it adds constraints and elements specific to the laboratory domain (e.g., specimen, reference ranges, and laboratory-specific coding).

### Scope and Domains

This profile encompasses several key clinical areas where measurements and observations are captured:

* **Laboratory Test Results:** Clinical laboratory observations from pathology and hematology (e.g., blood counts, chemistry panels, microbiology cultures). For laboratory-specific use cases with detailed specimen and reference range information, the specialized Laboratory Observation profile SHALL be used.
* **MDR Device Measurements:** Data from medical devices such as blood gas analyzers, glucose meters, pulse oximeters, and ECG devices.
* **Minimally Invasive & Non-Invasive Tests:** Includes venous blood draws, finger-prick tests, swab sampling, and non-invasive measurements from saliva, sweat, or tears.
* **Vital Signs & Morphometry:** Standard metrics such as heart rate, blood pressure, BMI, and respiratory rate.
* **Clinical Scores:** Formal assessments like APGAR and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).

### Data Types and Values (Observation.value[x])

Depending on the specific test, this profile allows various FHIR data types to ensure clinical accuracy:

* **Quantity:** For vitals and physical measurements (e.g., body temperature, SpO₂).
* **CodeableConcept:** For qualitative coded results (e.g., blood type, microbiological culture findings, rapid test result as positive/negative SNOMED concept).
* **SampledData:** For continuous waveforms like ECG or EEG traces.
* **Attachment:** For device-generated reports or PDF strips (e.g., spirometry reports).
* **boolean:** Used for simple alerts (arrhythmia detected).

**Usages:**

* Refer to this Profile: [Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)](StructureDefinition-medicalTestResult-eu-core.md)
* Examples for this Profile: [Observation/763f7902-8103-4d10-8bd1-546a726d43ee](Observation-763f7902-8103-4d10-8bd1-546a726d43ee.md)

You can also check for [usages in the FHIR IG Statistics](https://packages2.fhir.org/xig/hl7.fhir.eu.base|current/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core)

### Formal Views of Profile Content

 [Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work](http://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#structure-definitions). 

 

Other representations of profile: [CSV](StructureDefinition-medicalTestResult-eu-core.csv), [Excel](StructureDefinition-medicalTestResult-eu-core.xlsx), [Schematron](StructureDefinition-medicalTestResult-eu-core.sch) 



## Resource Content

```json
{
  "resourceType" : "StructureDefinition",
  "id" : "medicalTestResult-eu-core",
  "extension" : [{
    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm",
    "valueInteger" : 2
  },
  {
    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status",
    "valueCode" : "trial-use"
  }],
  "url" : "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core",
  "version" : "2.0.0",
  "name" : "MedicalTestResultEuCore",
  "title" : "Observation: Medical Test Result (EU core)",
  "status" : "active",
  "date" : "2026-04-27T22:40:12+03:00",
  "publisher" : "HL7 Europe",
  "contact" : [{
    "name" : "HL7 Europe",
    "telecom" : [{
      "system" : "url",
      "value" : "http://hl7.eu"
    }]
  }],
  "description" : "This profile introduces essential constraints and extensions for the Observation resource for Medical Test Results that apply across multiple use cases.",
  "jurisdiction" : [{
    "coding" : [{
      "system" : "http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm",
      "code" : "150",
      "display" : "Europe"
    }]
  }],
  "copyright" : "Copyright HL7 Europe. Licensed under creative commons public domain (CC0 1.0).",
  "fhirVersion" : "4.0.1",
  "mapping" : [{
    "identity" : "workflow",
    "uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/workflow",
    "name" : "Workflow Pattern"
  },
  {
    "identity" : "sct-concept",
    "uri" : "http://snomed.info/conceptdomain",
    "name" : "SNOMED CT Concept Domain Binding"
  },
  {
    "identity" : "v2",
    "uri" : "http://hl7.org/v2",
    "name" : "HL7 v2 Mapping"
  },
  {
    "identity" : "rim",
    "uri" : "http://hl7.org/v3",
    "name" : "RIM Mapping"
  },
  {
    "identity" : "w5",
    "uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews",
    "name" : "FiveWs Pattern Mapping"
  },
  {
    "identity" : "sct-attr",
    "uri" : "http://snomed.org/attributebinding",
    "name" : "SNOMED CT Attribute Binding"
  }],
  "kind" : "resource",
  "abstract" : false,
  "type" : "Observation",
  "baseDefinition" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation",
  "derivation" : "constraint",
  "differential" : {
    "element" : [{
      "id" : "Observation",
      "path" : "Observation",
      "constraint" : [{
        "key" : "obs-value-1",
        "severity" : "error",
        "human" : "The elements Observation.extension:value-r5 and Observation.value[x] SHALL not be used simultaneously.",
        "expression" : "value.empty() or extension('http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value').empty()",
        "source" : "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.language",
      "path" : "Observation.language",
      "short" : "Language of the observation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension",
      "path" : "Observation.extension",
      "slicing" : {
        "discriminator" : [{
          "type" : "value",
          "path" : "url"
        }],
        "ordered" : false,
        "rules" : "open"
      }
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:bodyStructure",
      "path" : "Observation.extension",
      "sliceName" : "bodyStructure",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.anatomicLocation",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.bodyStructure"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:triggeredBy",
      "path" : "Observation.extension",
      "sliceName" : "triggeredBy",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "*",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.triggeredBy"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:observation",
      "path" : "Observation.extension.extension",
      "sliceName" : "observation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:observation.extension",
      "path" : "Observation.extension.extension.extension",
      "max" : "0"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:triggeredBy.extension:observation.value[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.extension.extension.value[x]",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.triggeredBy[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:value-r5",
      "path" : "Observation.extension",
      "sliceName" : "value-r5",
      "short" : "only for Diagrams or Pictures",
      "definition" : "When the result is a Diagram or Picture (Microbiology), then the Attachment data type should be used. In FHIR R4 this can be done by preadopting the R5 Observation.value[x] element using the cross-version extension.",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:value-r5.extension",
      "path" : "Observation.extension.extension",
      "max" : "0"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.extension:value-r5.value[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.extension.value[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Attachment"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.identifier",
      "path" : "Observation.identifier",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.header.identifier"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.basedOn",
      "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.order"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.status",
      "path" : "Observation.status",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.header.status"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.category",
      "path" : "Observation.category",
      "min" : 1
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.code",
      "path" : "Observation.code",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.code",
      "binding" : {
        "strength" : "example",
        "valueSet" : "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/ValueSet/medicalTestResult-eu"
      }
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.subject",
      "path" : "Observation.subject",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.header.subject",
      "min" : 1,
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/patient-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Group",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Location"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.focus",
      "path" : "Observation.focus",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.directSubject[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/patient-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Group",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device",
        "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/location-eu-core"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.effective[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.effective[x]",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.observationDate[x]",
      "min" : 1,
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "dateTime"
      },
      {
        "code" : "Period"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.issued",
      "path" : "Observation.issued",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.header.authorship.datetime"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.performer",
      "path" : "Observation.performer",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.header.performer",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/practitioner-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/practitionerRole-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/organization-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/patient-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.performer.extension:performerFunction",
      "path" : "Observation.performer.extension",
      "sliceName" : "performerFunction",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.performer.function",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "*",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/event-performerFunction"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.value[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
      "slicing" : {
        "discriminator" : [{
          "type" : "type",
          "path" : "$this"
        }],
        "ordered" : false,
        "rules" : "open"
      },
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.result.value[x]"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity",
      "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
      "sliceName" : "valueQuantity",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Quantity"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueQuantity.extension:uncertainty",
      "path" : "Observation.value[x].extension",
      "sliceName" : "uncertainty",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.result.uncertainty",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
      "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.dataAbsentReason"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.interpretation",
      "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.interpretation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.note",
      "path" : "Observation.note",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.resultDescription"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.bodySite",
      "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.anatomicLocation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.method",
      "path" : "Observation.method",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.method"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.specimen",
      "path" : "Observation.specimen",
      "short" : "Specimen used for the observation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.device",
      "path" : "Observation.device",
      "requirements" : "Device information for laboratory observations"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.referenceRange",
      "path" : "Observation.referenceRange",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.referenceRange"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.hasMember",
      "path" : "Observation.hasMember",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.hasMember[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.derivedFrom",
      "path" : "Observation.derivedFrom",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.derivedFrom[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Reference",
        "targetProfile" : ["http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/StructureDefinition/medicalTestResult-eu-core",
        "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component",
      "path" : "Observation.component",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.extension",
      "path" : "Observation.component.extension",
      "slicing" : {
        "discriminator" : [{
          "type" : "value",
          "path" : "url"
        }],
        "ordered" : false,
        "rules" : "open"
      }
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.extension:value-r5",
      "path" : "Observation.component.extension",
      "sliceName" : "value-r5",
      "short" : "only for Diagrams or Pictures",
      "definition" : "When the result is a Diagram or Picture (Microbiology), then the Attachment data type should be used. In FHIR R4 this can be done by preadopting the R5 Observation.value[x] element using the cross-version extension.",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.extension:value-r5.extension",
      "path" : "Observation.component.extension.extension",
      "max" : "0"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.extension:value-r5.value[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.component.extension.value[x]",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Attachment"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.code",
      "path" : "Observation.component.code",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.code",
      "binding" : {
        "strength" : "example",
        "valueSet" : "http://hl7.eu/fhir/base/ValueSet/medicalTestResult-eu"
      }
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
      "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
      "slicing" : {
        "discriminator" : [{
          "type" : "type",
          "path" : "$this"
        }],
        "ordered" : false,
        "rules" : "open"
      },
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.result.value[x]"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity",
      "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
      "sliceName" : "valueQuantity",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Quantity"
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.value[x]:valueQuantity.extension:uncertainty",
      "path" : "Observation.component.value[x].extension",
      "sliceName" : "uncertainty",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.result.uncertainty",
      "min" : 0,
      "max" : "1",
      "type" : [{
        "code" : "Extension",
        "profile" : ["http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/iso21090-uncertainty"]
      }]
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
      "path" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.dataAbsentReason"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
      "path" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.interpretation"
    },
    {
      "id" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
      "path" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
      "requirements" : "EHDSObservation.component.referenceRange"
    }]
  }
}

```
